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Cumulative Attenuation along Source-to-Receiver Paths in Northwestern Turkey

¹ Istituto Nazionale di Geofisca e Vulcanologia
Via Bassini 15
20133 Milano, Italy
 (D.B.)

² GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam
Telegraferberg
14473 Potsdam, Germany
 (S.P., H.G., C.M.)

³ Ministry of Public Works and Settlement
General Directorate of Disaster Affairs
Earthquake Research Department
P.O. Box 763
Ankara, Turkey
 (S.Z.)

View larger version (99K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 1. Study area. Top panel: a sketch of the main faults (black lines) and some segments (thick lines) of the North Anatolian fault are shown. Bottom panel: triangles and circles are for stations and events, respectively. Some alluvial basins are shown as areas filled with linear vertical pattern.

View larger version (33K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 2. Station 007. Top panels: Q–1 (i.e., t* normalized to travel time) versus backazimuth at 1 Hz (left) and 10 Hz (right). Distance r from 10 to 38 km, black filled circles; 38 < r < 60 km, gray squares; 60 < r < 80 km, empty triangles. Middle panel: Q–1 shown as a circle located in correspondence of the earthquake epicenter and filled in accordance with a gray palette table. Bottom panel: projection of the Q–1 values over a west–east vertical plane located at the latitude marked by the black cross in the middle panel.

View larger version (29K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 3. The same as Figure 2 but for station 026.

View larger version (33K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 4. The same as Figure 2 but for station 039.

View larger version (25K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 5. Top panel: Q–1 at 1 Hz for earthquakes in set s3 of Figure 1 and recorded at stations 033 (stars), 026 (inverse triangles), and 039 (diamonds). Bottom panel: Q–1 against distance at 1 Hz; triangle, circle, and cross symbols represent earthquakes belonging to sets s1, s2, and s3, respectively.

View larger version (51K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 6. Top panels: left, stations (triangles), earthquakes (black filled circles), and path coverage relevant to the two-dimensional attenuation tomography; right, number of rays crossing each pixel, given in logarithmic scale. Middle panels: left, location (star) of the input-source function for point-spread analysis, as well as the actual rays sampling the pixel where the point source is located; right, symbols correspond to the different amplitude range of the restored source function, being the true amplitude of the point-input function equal to 0.02. Bottom panels: the same as in the middle panels but for a different location of the input function.

View larger version (86K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 7. Q–1 values resulting from the two-dimensional tomographic inversion at 1 Hz and 10 Hz.

View larger version (32K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 8. Log–lin acceleration spectra of an M 3.4 aftershock (gray line), the relative spectral amplitude of pre-event noise (dotted line), and the result of the high- frequency fall-off fitting. In each panel, the value of k, the station code, and the hypocentral distance are also shown.

View larger version (35K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 9. Top panels: kevent against magnitude (left) and (r) against hypocentral distance (right). Bottom panels: ksite for each analyzed station (left) and mean ±1 standard deviation of the ambient noise horizontal-to-vertical (H/V) ratio for stations 013 and 029 (right panels).