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Basin Structure beneath the Santa Rosa Plain, Northern California: Implications for Damage Caused by the 1969 Santa Rosa and 1906 San Francisco Earthquakes

¹ U.S. Geological Survey
MS 989, 345 Middlefield Rd.
Menlo Park, California 94025
dmcphee{at}usgs.gov
 (D.K.M., V.E.L., R.C.J.)
² U.S. Geological Survey
MS 966, P.O. Box 25046
Denver, Colorado 80225
 (S.H.)
³ U.S. Geological Survey
MS 973, 345 Middlefield Rd.
Menlo Park, California 94025
 (R.J.M., C.M.)
⁴ U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Rd.
Menlo Park, California 94025
 (B.T.A.)

Regional gravity data in the northern San Francisco Bay region reflect a complex basin configuration beneath the Santa Rosa plain that likely contributed to the significant damage to the city of Santa Rosa caused by the 1969 M 5.6, 5.7 Santa Rosa earthquakes and the 1906 M 7.9 San Francisco earthquake. Inversion of these data indicates that the Santa Rosa plain is underlain by two sedimentary basins about 2 km deep separated by the Trenton Ridge, a shallow west-northwest-striking bedrock ridge west of Santa Rosa. The city of Santa Rosa is situated above the 2- km-wide protruding northeast corner of the southern basin where damage from both the 1969 and 1906 earthquakes was concentrated. Ground-motion simulations of the 1969 and 1906 earthquakes, two events with opposing azimuths, using the gravity- defined basin surface, show enhanced ground motions along the northeastern edge of this corner, suggesting that basin-edge effects contributed to the concentration of shaking damage in this area in the past and may also contribute to strong shaking during future earthquakes.

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