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1 UMR Géosciences Azur
CNRS
UNSA
250 Av Albert Einstein
06560 Valbonne, France
(C.K-S., F.C.,
A.D.)
2 BRGM-ARN/MAS
Aménagement et
Risques Naturels
117 Av de Luminy
BP 167
13009 Marseille,
France
(C.K-S., M.B.)
We present a two-stage method to simulate the ground motions produced by an
earthquake by using stochastic summation of small earthquakes. In this method,
identical small earthquakes are multiplied by a scaling factor and summed
together with time delays randomly distributed, during the two stages, over the
source duration. The summation scheme is characterized by four fundamental
parameters: the number of summed small earthquakes, the scaling factor, and both
probability densities of time delays used in the first and second stages. By a
proper choice of these parameters, this method generates a large number of
synthetic time histories that, on average, agree exactly with the
–2 model in the whole frequency band. The
produced time histories are sufficiently realistic and different from each other
to be associated with a multitude of rupture processes that could happen during
an earthquake. However, because the extended target fault is approximated by a
point source, this method does not take into account possible directivity
effects and is not appropriate to simulate ground motions for near-source sites.
We test this method on the Oaxaca earthquake (1999, Mw 7.5,
Mexico) at regional distances and on the two mainshocks of the Umbria Marche
crisis (1997, Mw 5.7 and Mw 6.0, Italy)
at local distances. We found that the simulated ground motions fit the observed
data well, both in time and in frequency domains. Within simulation context,
only specification of seismic moment and stress drop is required for the target
event. Because the magnitude and then the seismic moment are necessarily
specified, the stress drop plays a major role in ground-motion simulation.
This article has been cited by other articles:
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C. Beauval, L. Honore, and F. Courboulex Ground-Motion Variability and Implementation of a Probabilistic-Deterministic Hazard Method Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, October 1, 2009; 99(5): 2992 - 3002. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Causse, F. Cotton, C. Cornou, and P.-Y. Bard Calibrating Median and Uncertainty Estimates for a Practical Use of Empirical Green's Functions Technique Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, February 1, 2008; 98(1): 344 - 353. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. Arroyo and M. Ordaz Inelastic-Strength Spectra in Probabilistic Seismic-Hazard Analysis Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, December 1, 2007; 97(6): 2171 - 2181. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. Di Alessandro and J. Boatwright A Stochastic Estimate of Ground Motion at Oceano, California, for the M 6.5 22 December 2003 San Simeon Earthquake, Derived from Aftershock Recordings Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, August 1, 2006; 96(4A): 1437 - 1447. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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