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A Kinematic Source-Time Function Compatible with Earthquake Dynamics

¹ Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
Department of Seismology and Tectonophysics
Via di Vigna Murata 605
00143 Rome, Italy
 (E.T., A.P., M.C.)

² National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention
3-1 Tennodai
305-0006 Tsukuba, Japan
 (E.F.)

We propose a new source-time function, to be used in kinematic modeling of ground-motion time histories, which is consistent with dynamic propagation of earthquake ruptures and makes feasible the dynamic interpretation of kinematic slip models. This function is derived from a source-time function first proposed by Yoffe (1951), which yields a traction evolution showing a slip-weakening behavior. In order to remove its singularity, we apply a convolution with a triangular function and obtain a regularized source-time function called the regularized Yoffe function. We propose a parameterization of this slip-velocity time function through the final slip, its duration, and the duration of the positive slip acceleration (T_acc). Using this analytical function, we examined the relation between kinematic parameters, such as peak slip velocity and slip duration, and dynamic parameters, such as slip-weakening distance and breakdown-stress drop. The obtained scaling relations are consistent with those proposed by Ohnaka and Yamashita (1989) from laboratory experiments. This shows that the proposed source-time function suitably represents dynamic rupture propagation with finite slip-weakening distances.

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