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1 Institute of Geophysics
ETH
Hönggerberg 8093
Zurich,
Switzerland
mai{at}sed.ethz.ch
(P.M.M.)
2 U.S. Geological Survey
MS 977, 345
Middlefield Road
Menlo Park, California 94025
(P.S., J.B.)
We use a database of more than 80 finite-source rupture models for more than
50 earthquakes (Mw 4.1–8.1) with different faulting
styles occurring in both tectonic and subduction environments to analyze the
location of the hypocenter within the fault and to consider the correlation
between hypocenter location and regions of large slip. Rupture in strike-slip
and crustal dip-slip earthquakes tends to nucleate in the deeper sections of the
fault; subduction earthquakes do not show this tendency. Ratios of the
hypocentral slip to either the average or the maximum slip show that rupture can
nucleate at locations with any level of relative displacement. Rupture nucleates
in regions of very large slip (D 
2/3 Dmax) in
only 16% of the events, in regions of large slip (1/3 Dmax
< D < 2/3 Dmax) in 35% of the events, and in
regions of low slip (D 
1/3 Dmax) in 48% of the
events. These percentages significantly exceed the percentages of fault area
with very large (
7%) and large (28%) slip. Ruptures that nucleate in
regions of low slip, however, tend to nucleate close to regions of large slip
and encounter a zone of very large slip within half the total rupture length.
Applying several statistical tests we conclude that hypocenters are not randomly
located on a fault but are located either within or close to regions of large
slip.
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