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1 U.S. Geological Survey
4200
University Drive
Anchorage, Alaska 99508
(P.J.H.)
2 U.S. Geological Survey, MS977
345
Middlefield Road
Menlo Park, California 94025
(D.P.S., T.E.D.,
H.D.S., J.J.L.)
3 U.S. Geological Survey
Department
of Earth and Space Sciences
Box 351310
University of
Washington
Seattle, Washington 98195
(B.S.)
4 Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e
Vulcanologia
Sismologia e Tettonofisica
Via di Vigna Murata 605
00143
Roma, Italy
(F.R.C.)
5 State of Alaska
Department of
Natural Resources
Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys
3354
College Road
Fairbanks, Alaska 99709
(P.A.C.)
6 U.S. Geological Survey,
MS966
P.O. Box 25046
Denver, Colorado 80225-0046
(A.J.C.,
S.F.P.)
The 3 November 2002 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake resulted in 341 km of surface rupture on the Susitna Glacier, Denali, and Totschunda faults. The rupture proceeded from west to east and began with a 48-km-long break on the previously unknown Susitna Glacier thrust fault. Slip on this thrust averaged about 4 m (Crone et al., 2004). Next came the principal surface break, along 226 km of the Denali fault, with average right-lateral offsets of 4.5–5.1 m and a maximum offset of 8.8 m near its eastern end. The Denali fault trace is commonly left stepping and north side up. About 99 km of the fault ruptured through glacier ice, where the trace orientation was commonly influenced by local ice fabric. Finally, slip transferred southeastward onto the Totschunda fault and continued for another 66 km where dextral offsets average 1.6–1.8 m. The transition from the Denali fault to the Totschunda fault occurs over a complex 25-km-long transfer zone of right-slip and normal fault traces. Three methods of calculating average surface slip all yield a moment magnitude of Mw 7.8, in very good agreement with the seismologically determined magnitude of M 7.9. A comparison of strong-motion inversions for moment release with our slip distribution shows they have a similar pattern. The locations of the two largest pulses of moment release correlate with the locations of increasing steps in the average values of observed slip. This suggests that slip-distribution data can be used to infer moment release along other active fault traces.
Online Material: Descriptions and photographs of localities with offset measurements.
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