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Woodward-Clyde Federal Services, 566 El Dorado Street, Pasadena, California 91101
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the application of the staggered-grid finite-difference technique to model wave propagation problems in 3D elastic media. In addition to presenting generalized, discrete representations of the differential equations of motion using the staggered-grid approach, we also provide detailed formulations that describe the incorporation of moment-tensor sources, the implementation of a stable and accurate representation of a planar free-surface boundary for 3D models, and the derivation and implementation of an approximate technique to model spatially variable anelastic attenuation within time-domain finite-difference computations. The comparison of results obtained using the staggered-grid technique with those obtained using a frequency-wavenumber algorithm shows excellent agreement between the two methods for a variety of models. In addition, this article also introduces a memory optimization procedure that allows large-scale 3D finite-difference problems to be computed on a conventional, single-processor desktop workstation. With this technique, model storage is accommodated using both external (hard-disk) and internal (core) memory. To reduce system overhead, a cascaded time update procedure is utilized to maximize the number of computations performed between I/O operations. This formulation greatly expands the applicability of the 3D finite-difference technique by providing an efficient and practical algorithm for implementation on commonly available workstation platforms.
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T. Sato, R. W. Graves, P. G. Somerville, and S. Kataoka Estimates of regional and local strong motions during the great 1923 Kanto, Japan, earthquake (Ms 8.2). Part 2: Forward simulation of seismograms using variable-slip rupture models and estimation of near-fault long-period ground motions Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, February 1, 1998; 88(1): 206 - 227. [Abstract] [PDF]
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