| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
OBSERVATOIRE DE GRENOBLE UNIVERSITÉ JOSEPH FOURIER (UA CNRS 733) IRIGM, BP53X 38041 GRENOBLE, France
DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, UNIVERSITY PARK, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90089-0740
INSTITUTO DE INGENIERÍA UNAM, COYOACÁN 04510, MÉXICO D.F., México
Abstract
Simultaneous consideration of source, path, and site effects on ground motion during the Michoacán earthquake of 1985 allows us to draw coherent conclusions regarding the roles played for the disaster in Mexico City by the rupture process, the mode of propagation of the waves between the epicentral zone and Mexico City, and the local amplification. In contrast to the horizontal component which showed dramatic amplification for the 2 to 3 sec motion at lake sediment sites, we observe almost identical vertical displacement seismograms containing ripples with 2 to 3 sec period throughout the Mexico City valley whether the recording site is on the lake sediments or on hard rock. We, therefore, conclude that the 2 to 3 sec motion responsible for the destruction of Mexico City was present in the incident field. After performing a phase analysis, we interpret the signal as the superposition of long-period Rayleigh waves and short-period Lg with a dominant period of about 3 sec. The analysis of the teleseismic records indicates that the radiation of this event is enhanced for waves around the 3 sec period. Except in the case of stations for which an anomalous path effect is suspected, the records present ripples appearing a few seconds after the beginning of the signal. The characteristics of near-fault records show that the rupture process consists of the growth of a smooth crack. The numerical simulation indicates that the 3 sec period ripples can be explained by a series of changes of the rupture front velocity. We examine two alternative source models associated with different crustal models to explain the characteristics of the vertical displacements recorded in Mexico City. Our preferred model attributes the cause of the enhanced 3 sec motion to the irregularity in the rupture propagation in addition to the effect of the local conditions in Mexico City. This interpretation leads to a very coherent scenario of what happened from the start of the failure on the fault up to the destruction in Mexico City. This example illustrates the need to consider simultaneously source, path, and site effects in order to understand strong ground motions.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  G. P. Mavroeidis and A. S. Papageorgiou Effect of Fault Rupture Characteristics on Near-Fault Strong Ground Motions Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, February 1, 2010; 100(1): 37 - 58. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Motazedian and G. M. Atkinson Stochastic Finite-Fault Modeling Based on a Dynamic Corner Frequency Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, June 1, 2005; 95(3): 995 - 1010. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Cardenas-Soto and F. J. Chavez-Garcia Regional Path Effects on Seismic Wave Propagation in Central Mexico Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, June 1, 2003; 93(3): 973 - 985. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. P. Mavroeidis and A. S. Papageorgiou A Mathematical Representation of Near-Fault Ground Motions Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, June 1, 2003; 93(3): 1099 - 1131. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Strong Motion in Central Mexico: A Model Based on Data Analysis and Simple Modeling Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, December 1, 2002; 92(8): 3087 - 3101.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Regional Wave Propagation from Mexican Subduction Zone Earthquakes: The Attenuation Functions for Interplate and Inslab Events Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, August 1, 2002; 92(6): 2110 - 2125.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Seismic Radiation from a Unidirectional Asymmetrical Circular Crack Model, Part I: Constant Rupture Velocity Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, April 1, 2002; 92(3): 945 - 961.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Two Mw 4.8 Cerro Prieto, Baja California, Mexico, Earthquakes on 1 June and 10 September 1999: Strong-Motion Observations Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, December 1, 2001; 91(6): 1456 - 1470.
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Kinoshita A stochastic method for investigating site effects by means of a borehole array--SH and Love waves Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, April 1, 1999; 89(2): 484 - 500. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Triantafyllidis, P. M. Hatzidimitriou, N. Theodulidis, P. Suhadolc, C. Papazachos, D. Raptakis, and K. Lontzetidis Site effects in the city of Thessaloniki (Greece) estimated from acceleration data and 1D local soil profiles Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, April 1, 1999; 89(2): 521 - 537. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Lomnitz, J. Flores, O. Novaro, T. H. Seligman, and R. Esquivel Seismic coupling of interface modes in sedimentary basins: A recipe for disaster Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, February 1, 1999; 89(1): 14 - 21. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Jongmans, K. Pitilakis, D. Demanet, D. Raptakis, J. Riepl, C. Horrent, G. Tsokas, K. Lontzetidis, and P.-Y. Bard EURO-SEISTEST: Determination of the geological structure of the Volvi basin and validation of the basin response Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, April 1, 1998; 88(2): 473 - 487. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. S. Barker, M. Campillo, F. J. Sanchez-Sesma, D. Jongmans, and S. K. Singh Analysis of wave propagation in the Valley of Mexico from a dense array of seismometers Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, December 1, 1996; 86(6): 1667 - 1680. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. J. Chavez-Garcia, J. Ramos-Martinez, and E. Romero-Jimenez Surface-wave dispersion analysis in Mexico City Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, August 1, 1995; 85(4): 1116 - 1126. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. H. Clouser and C. A. Langston Modeling P-Rg conversions from isolated topographic features near the NORESS array Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, June 1, 1995; 85(3): 859 - 873. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. W. Scrivner and D. V. Helmberger Seismic waveform modeling in the Los Angeles Basin Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, October 1, 1994; 84(5): 1310 - 1326. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Fah, P. Suhadolc, St. Mueller, and G. F. Panza A hybrid method for the estimation of ground motion in sedimentary basins: Quantitative modeling for Mexico city Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, April 1, 1994; 84(2): 383 - 399. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. LERMO and F. J. CHAVEZ-GARCIA Site effect evaluation using spectral ratios with only one station Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, October 1, 1993; 83(5): 1574 - 1594. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. JONGMANS and M. CAMPILLO The response of the Ubaye Valley (France) for incident SH and SV waves: Comparison between measurements and modeling Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, June 1, 1993; 83(3): 907 - 924. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. W. GRAVES and R. W. CLAYTON Modeling path effects in three-dimensional basin structures Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, February 1, 1992; 82(1): 81 - 103. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. BONAMASSA and J. E. VIDALE Directional site resonances observed from aftershocks of the 18 October 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, October 1, 1991; 81(5): 1945 - 1957. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. H. CLOUSER and C. A. LANGSTON QP-QS relations in a sedimentary basin using converted phases Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, June 1, 1991; 81(3): 733 - 750. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. J. MENDEZ and J. G. ANDERSON The temporal and spatial evolution of the 19 September 1985 Michoacan earthquake as inferred from near-source ground-motion records Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, June 1, 1991; 81(3): 844 - 861. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
