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DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON, WEST DAYTON STREET 1215, MADISON, WISCONSIN 53706
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, MIDDLEFIELD ROAD 345, MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA 94025
INSTITUTO DE GEOFISICA UNAM CIUDAD UNIVERSITARIA, MEXICO D.F., Mexico
INSTITUTE OF GEOPHYSICS UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII, CORREA ROAD 2525, HONOLULU, HAWAII 96822
DEPARTMENT OF OCEANOGRAPHY UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON, SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 98105
Abstract
Seismic refraction and gravity data have been analyzed to obtain a model of the compressional-wave velocity structure of the ocean-to-continent transition in the State of Oaxaca in southwestern Mexico. Crustal thickness on the continent at the latitude 18°N is 45 ± 4 km, based on reflected phases from the Moho discontinuity. The crust has been modeled with three layers, with velocities of 4.3 to 4.6, 5.0 to 5.7, and 6.85 to 7.0 km/sec, each with positive velocity gradient. The crust thins to 10 km at the coast near Pinotepa Nacional, where Precambrian metamorphic rocks are exposed 45 km from the mid-America trench. Offshore, the oceanic structure consists of an 8-km-thick crust with a normal crustal velocity structure (Spudich and Orcutt, 1980). The apparent dip of the subducting plate beneath western Mexico is 10°. On the oceanic side, strong reflections suggest a minimum depth of 35 km for the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary. The asthenosphere has a seismic velocity of 7.6 km/sec, and a thin lid in which the velocity is 8.6 km/sec.
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