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Scale-model study of refraction arrivals in a three-layered structure

DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS COLLEGE OF EARTH AND MINERAL SCIENCES THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, UNIVERSITY PARK, PENNSYLVANIA

Abstract

The effects of an intermediate velocity layer on the frequency spectra of waves refracted along its upper and lower boundaries are compared to the effects of a layer of constant velocity gradient. The same relationship was found in both cases: there being a cutoff frequency at 1.7 times the velocity gradient. These two types of structures could not be distinguished from one another by their effects on the frequency spectra. This should also hold in full-scale field experiments.

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